The Best Ways to Learn How to Speak French

The Best Ways to Learn How to Speak French Theres no enchantment recipe for figuring out how to communicate in French or any language so far as that is concerned. It requires loads of time, vitality and persistence. There are, nonetheless, a few methods thatâ will make your investigation of Frenchâ more proficient and, therefore, assist you with learning the language all the more rapidly. The two primary components of language study are learning and rehearsing, and they go connected at the hip. Retaining jargon words wont do any great on the off chance that you can't utilize them, so you should enhance your investigations with training. The accompanying tips for learning French incorporate a lot of down to earth ideas. If you truly need to figure out how to communicate in French, do whatever number of the accompanying as would be prudent. Learn With French Classes One of the most productive approaches to figure out how to communicate in French is to take a class. In the event that you dont need to go to a language school, there are more likely than not some sensibly valued French classes accessible at your neighborhood junior college or grown-up training focus. Look at who the educator is: Is the instructor French? From which area? To what extent has that individual been an instructor? A class is just comparable to the instructor. Learn With French Immersion Assuming there is any chance of this happening, invest some energy in a French-speaking country. That is completely the most ideal approach to learn French. However, there once more, picking your French learning program is the key. For grown-ups, I emphatically suggest learning French in drenching at a homestay with a French instructor: Youll get the individual consideration and one of a kind direction of a French educator and the experience of submerging yourself in a French culture. Be that as it may, there are additionally many French language schools abroad in France and somewhere else offering different projects. Set aside the effort to explore the school, the educators, the area and the convenience game plans before you make your choice.â Learn With Online French Lessons Work on the essential jargon, elocution, grammarâ and action word exercises in French for Beginners. Your first lesson? I need to learn French. Where do I start? Self-study, however, isn't for everyone. A great many people need the direction of an educator to effectively overcome French, or if nothing else, an efficient French learning tool.â Tune in to French Tune in to communicated in French each day. The more you tune in, the simpler it will be for you to secure that exquisite French pronunciation. Put resources into a decent French sound strategy. Communicated in French and composed French resemble two distinct dialects. It is fundamental you train with level-suitable sound guides to overcome French articulation. Tune in to French music. You may not see all the words, however singing French melodies for all to hear is an extraordinary method to get into the swing of the French language beat and a great method to learn new jargon. Watch out for French moviesâ though. They are an extraordinary apparatus for cutting edge understudies, however the quick, colloquial discoursed in them can break the soul of a tenderfoot. French motion pictures and French radio are made for French individuals, not understudies, and they are regularly overpowering for a starting understudy of French.â Understand French French papers and magazinesâ make great devices for cutting edge understudies. For each article, make a rundown of the words you dont know, find them all after you finish the article, and afterward read it again while alluding to the rundown. The equivalent for French writing. Look at bilingual booksâ and check whether they help you. Utilize a word reference to make streak cards and themed word records. Utilize the glimmer cards to name everything in your home: entryways, dividers, shelves, rooms, and more.Keep word records in a cover. Flip through the pages each day to test yourself. When youre sure that you know each word on a rundown, expel it from the fastener to prepare for new records. Communicate in French To communicate in French, in addition to the fact that you need to know French, yet you likewise need to get over your nervousness about talking it before others. Also, the best way to do this is to rehearse with others. French learning programming and French book recordings can set you up to comprehend the French. Also, you can become familiar with a great deal by addressing inquiries for all to hear and rehashing normal sentences. All things considered, nothing will ever supplant genuine collaboration. To figure out how to communicate in French, you have to really talk! Look at nearby French classes; there might be an Alliance Franã §aise close to you or a junior college that offers French discussion classes or have a go at taking a French class by Skype.â Be that as it may, the most ideal approach to rapidly improve your French talking familiarity is to have a drenching involvement with France. Do you feel anxious when you attempt to talk? Followâ tips for beating your tension about communicating in Frenchâ and see what occurs. Learn French With Social Media Look at the Facebook, Twitter and Pinterest pages of your preferred French profs, and go along with them there to learn progressively French.

Persuasive Essay Topics About Drugs - Several Pointers and Tips

Persuasive Essay Topics About Drugs - Several Pointers and TipsIt is important to get several persuasive essay topics about drugs for college essay tips and writing tips. This way, you have the best chance of getting a great grade. The process should start with an open mind and listening to what others have to say.One of the most common essay topics about school drug abuse problem are not just the statistics, the statistics do not lie. Statistics are important in some areas, but when it comes to schools and education, they are generally just another form of the written word. What makes statistics an interesting topic is the constant and consistent stories that are telling us about the bad effects of drug abuse. It is important to know all the details and the numbers when dealing with topics such as these.Facts cannot lie; but this does not mean that they should be left out entirely. Present the facts so that people can decide whether you are a credible speaker. If you make the facts on your side then you will gain the respect of your audience.You might not be aware of it, but elementary school students and high school students often use statistics in their arguments. Present them so that people can learn from the information and find the true facts for themselves. It is important to be completely honest when writing so that you present the truth and not make any false claims.It is crucial to use these persuasive essay topics about drugs because they do not just scare people. These facts are well-known in many communities around the world. Even though the number of deaths due to drugs has been reported by numerous news agencies and research groups, the reality is that it is almost impossible to stop all the people from using drugs because they just go back to their old ways when they become sober.There are a number of persuasive essay topics about drugs that appeal to the reader's emotions. To use the statistics and the facts effectively, you must connect them t o the emotions that you are trying to express. This is how you can motivate your audience to accept your ideas.There are also two other ways to approach persuasive essay topics about drugs. The first involves using general facts that are of great interest to the audience. The second approach is to use a personal story that your audience will connect to.Use these essay topics about drugs for persuasion tips and writing tips in order to write a persuasive essay. It is important to provide plenty of facts and figures that will help your audience see the truth. You should only include what you think is relevant in order to provide the best information for your audience.

Communication questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Correspondence questions - Essay Example Production of outer conditions in invitational talk gives a road where the rhetor is available to outside thoughts. The crowd gives the rhetor outside thoughts through open sharing and conversation of thoughts through one on one cooperation. This communication closes when the two gatherings arrive at a typical comprehension. 1. Certainty and association of materials for introduction are significant validity factors. Certainty requests that one is understandable in drawing out their thoughts. Certainty during introduction shows that one has the essential information and mastery in the subject. Legitimate association of materials guarantees appropriate introduction. The crowd is constantly sharp during the introduction and they hope to discover blunders. Significant progress starting with one material then onto the next is seen to be a factor of believability. 2. An authoritative example encourages an association to have a reasonable and brief diagram of how to accomplish its objectives. The example ought to have the option to sound good to the peruser for simple comprehension of the data. A successive authoritative example can be utilized to give bit by bit data to a specific procedure. 3. During my introduction, the presentation ought to be founded on self-presentation and my subject of introduction. The determination will be a rundown of the primary concerns. Presentation is about self â€introduction, presentation of subject, how the introduction will be, and a framework of what I anticipate from the crowd. Acquaintance assists with gain the consideration of the crowd. The determination helps in making an enduring impact on the crowd with respect to the nature of you work. 4. For compelling elaboration I could apply the utilization of charts, use power point introduction, connect with the crowd through conversations, and through inventive introduction thoughts and ideas. Visual graphs help the crowd build up an away from of the subject of introduction. Force point introduction makes a difference

Dissociative Identity Disorder And Treatment Of Severe...

Karen Overhill first visits Doctor Richard Baer on January 11, 1989. She has faced a lifetime of sexual, physical, emotional, and mental abuse at the hands of those meant to protect and love her. Though she is initially visits Baer for treatment of severe depression, in the next four years it will become incredibly clear that Karen suffers from Dissociative Identity Disorder, or, more commonly known, Multiple Personality Disorder. The rest of her treatment becomes dedicated to uncovering the reasons her mind has constructed these personalities and reveal the truth hidden in the periods of time she’s lost. Karen suffers from Dissociative Identity Disorder, a mental illness characterized by â€Å" a disruption of identity characterized by two or more distinct personalities† â€Å" that alternate control of an individual’s behavior† (Bell, Jacobson, Zeligman, Fox, Hundley 151). These personalities are often adopted as a sort of coping mechanism to persistent , extreme trauma faced throughout childhood, sexual abuse being the most common. An individual with Dissociative Identity Disorder will often experience several â€Å"blackout† episodes where time escapes them and they lack any sort of remembrance of where they are or how they got there. This, as is the case for Karen, creates a cycles of panic where she has no clue as to why she’s in a department store buying a hat for her son when she intended to go grocery shopping (Baer 27), or to extremes such as not remembering having sex withShow MoreRelatedCommon Stressor Related Disorders ( Disorder )913 Words   |  4 PagesStressor-related disorders are expressed in many forms throughout different individuals. Common stressor-related disorders are one trauma and stressor-related disorder or anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive or related disorder, or dissociative disorder. One particular stress-related disorder that has caught my attention is dissociative identity disorde r. Dissociative identity disorder is characterized by having two or more personalities within an individual. Typically, one is dominant and presentRead MoreBipolar Disorder And Dissociative Identity Disorder Essay1651 Words   |  7 PagesMany have confused schizophrenia and bipolar disorder with dissociative identity disorder. Bipolar disorder also known as manic-depression is a fairly common disorder when compared to schizophrenia and dissociative identity disorder. It is also well-understood and treated by a combination of medications and psychotherapy.It is characterized by alternating moods of mania and depression. These usually last weeks or even months depending on the person. People who are manic have a high energy level andRead More Multiple Personality Disorder (Dissociative Identity Disorder)735 Words   |  3 Pages Dissociative Identity Disorder, commonly referred to as Multiple Personality Disorder, exists as a bizarre mental disorder in which a person acquires two or more distinct identities or personality states. The disorder received much attention through such accounts as Sybil and The Three Faces of Eve. Multiple Personality Disorder, caused from severe and inhuman sexual, physical, and mental abuse, affects the individuals consciousness and in turn creates altar selves. CategorizedRead MoreDissociative Identity Disorder Essay632 Words   |  3 PagesDissociative Identity Disorder Sexual molestation, beating, neglect, burning, and verbal abuse. All of these horrible happenings are believed to be linked to a condition known as Multiple personality disorder (MPD). Multiple personality disorder, also known as dissociative identity disorder, is a mental illness in which a person has two or more identities or personalities. Single personalities randomly take control of the individuals behavior. Usually, the sufferer gives the personalities theirRead MoreThe Treatment Of Dissociative Identity Disorder Essay1283 Words   |  6 PagesThe treatment of dissociative identity disorder can be very challenging. The purpose of most treatment is the integration of all the personalities into one coherent personality. The process starts by identifying the functions of each personality and then helping each personality confront, develop coping skills, and work through the trauma that led them to this disorder. There have been few studies that have empirical data on the treatmen t of dissociative identity disorder. One study that was ableRead MoreDissociative Identity Disorder1678 Words   |  7 PagesDissociation is defined as â€Å"a mental process, which produces a lack of connection in a person s thoughts, memories, feelings, actions, or sense of identity† (Grohol, 2016). The Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID) is a severe condition in which two or more separate, distinct identities or personality states are present in an individual. In other words, a person has, what seems like, actual distinct and contrasting people in their head and these â€Å"alters† are able to take control of an individual’sRead MoreDissociative Identity Disorder ( Dissociative Disorder )1040 Words   |  5 PagesDissociative Identity Disorder Dissociative identity disorder, formerly known as Multiple Personality Disorder, is a mental illness that is greatly misunderstood, much like many other mental illnesses. Nicholas Spanos, Professor of Psychology, hypothesized Multiple Personality Disorder as a defense against childhood trauma that creates â€Å"dissociation† or a split mental state. The trauma sustained during childhood is so substantial, that the individual creates different identities to cope with itRead MoreDissociative Identity Disorder1030 Words   |  5 PagesDissociative Identity Disorder Defining what is abnormal is not necessarily easy. There are many different criteria to determine what exactly is normal and what is abnormal. According to Ciccarelli and White (2012) as early as 3000 B.C.E. there have been human skulls found with holes in them. Archaeologists suspect this was caused because of the treatments they had years ago such as â€Å"trepanning†. Trepanning is done nowadays as well to remove extra fluids from the brain, as for years ago doctors didRead MoreTypes Of Multiple Personality Disorder848 Words   |  4 Pagespersonality disorder? Multiple personality disorder also known as Dissociative Identity Disorder is a severe condition in which two or more distinct identities, or personality states, are present in and interchangeably take control of an individual. DID is a disorder categorized by identity division rather than a creation of separate personalities. The disorder is not due to the direct psychological effects of a substance or of a general medical condition. DID was called Multiple Personality Disorder untilRead MoreDissociative Identity Disorder1221 Words   |  5 PagesThis research paper is about Dissociative identity disorder (DID) as known as multiple personality disorder. DID in which a person could have many different parts to their personality due to severe stress and an experience of a trauma. A person with DID when the have control over their one identity they cannot remember what they did when their other identities were in control. Most of the time people with DID have two personalities but they could have more than two which is referred as alters. Then

Physician Assisted Suicide Essay example - 7668 Words

In todays society, one of the most controversial issues is physician-assisted suicide for the terminally ill. Many people feel that it is wrong for people, regardless of their health condition, to ask their health care provider to end their life; while others feel it is their right to be able to choose how and when they die. When a physician is asked to help a patient into death, they have many responsibilities that come along with that single question. Among those responsibilities are: providing valid information as to the terminal illness the patient is suffering, educating the patient as to what their final options may be, making the decision of whether or not to help the patient into death, and also if they do decide to help,†¦show more content†¦Adkins contacted Kevorkian after hearing about his suicide machine and asked for his help in assisting her into death, according to Kathlyn Gay. After hearing Adkins describe her illness, Kevorkian refused to help the patient an d suggested that she try experimental drug treatments. After six months had gone by Adkins informed Dr. Kevorkian that the drug treatment had been unsuccessful and Kevorkian finally agreed to help with her request (44-45). Adkins and her husband flew to Royal Oak, Mich., on June 3, 1990, for an interview with Kevorkian. On the basis of that one face-to-face encounter, the doctor concluded that Adkins euthanasia request was rational. The following day, as her husband waited in a nearby motel, Adkins was hooked up intravenously to an inverted bottle of saline solution hanging from a metal frame in the back of Kevorkians parked van. Acting on Kevorkians instructions, Adkins pressed a button that shut off the flow of saline solution and opened the line of sodium pentothal, causing her to lose consciousness. After one minute, an automatic timer closed the pentothal line and released the contents of the third bottle. Adkins heart stopped beating within six minutes. (Worsnop Assisted Suicide 157-158) One source reports that the second and third assisted suicides occurred on, October 21, 1991. One patient, Sherry Miller, was a multiple-sclerosis victim, and the second patient,Show MoreRelatedEssay On Physician Assisted Suicide1549 Words   |  7 PagesWriting Project Worksheet 1. This paper will examine the Washington state policy of physician-assisted suicide. 2. State Info: (characteristics, size, culture, political culture, industries, features, etc. to explain state support of policy) Washington is a state in the northwestern United States with an estimated population of 7,288,000, as of July 1, 2016. Washington’s population is primarily white at 69% (not including Hispanics), with Hispanics comprising 12.4%, Asians 8.6%, and African AmericansRead MoreThe Treatment Of Physician Assisted Suicide1025 Words   |  5 Pagesprecious hour will give the loved ones a time to say goodbye just before they die with dignity in physician assisted suicide. Terminally ill patients have the right to end their own lives using physician assisted suicide (PAS) without repercussions of laws and people with opposing opinions. According to an article from CNN.com, there are currently five states in the U.S. where physician-assisted suicide is currently legal. In order to be eligible legally for PAS the patient must have six months orRead MorePhysician Assisted Suicide1418 Words   |  6 Pagesresult in patients giving up on life, physician-assisted suicide should be legalized in all fifty states for terminally ill patients with worsening or unbearable pain. What is physician-assisted suicide? â€Å"Suicide is the act of taking ones own life. In assisted suicide, the means to end a patient’s life is provided to the patient (i.e. medication or a weapon) with knowledge of the patients intention† (American Nurses Association). Physician-assisted suicide is known by many names such as deathRead MorePhysician Assisted Suicide2301 Words   |  10 Pagesend-of-life decisions is â€Å"physician-assisted suicide† (PAS). This method of suicide involves a physician providing a patient, at his or her own request, with a lethal dose of medication, which the patient self-administers. The ethical acceptability and the desirability of legalization of this practice both continue to cause controversy (Raus, Sterckx, Mortier 1). Vaco v. Quill and Washington v. Glucksberg were landmark decisions on the issue of physician-assisted suicide and a supposed ConstitutionalRead MoreThe Ethics Of Physician Assisted Suicide926 Words   |   4 Pagesethics of physician assisted suicide since the late 18th century. According to medicinenet the definition of physician assisted suicide is â€Å"the voluntary termination of one s own life by administrating a lethal substance with the direct assistance of a physician.† This would typically come into play if/when a critically ill patient wants to end their suffering. Confirming with the State-by-State Guide to Physician-Assisted Suicide, 5 states have Paquin 2 Legalized physician assisted suicide. CaliforniaRead MorePhysician Assisted Suicide Essay1214 Words   |  5 Pagesrelentless pain and agony through physician assisted death? Physician-Assisted Suicide PAS is highly contentious because it induces conflict of several moral and ethical questions such as who is the true director of our lives. Is suicide an individual choice and should the highest priority to humans be alleviating pain or do we suffer for a purpose? Is suicide a purely individual choice? Having analyzed and even experience the effects of physician assisted suicide, I promote and fully support itsRead MorePhysician Assisted Suicide Is A Controversial Topic1929 Words   |  8 PagesOne may have heard of suicide, but not physician-assisted suicide. The two are very different in terms of the act of taking one’s own life. For instance, physician-assisted suicide is done with help from another person, usually a physician; where the doctor is willing to assist with e ither the means of how to take one’s own life or the actual act itself. This can either be by prescribing lethal doses of drugs to these patients who want to take their own life or by counseling these patients onRead MorePhysician Assisted Suicide : A Controversial Subject1692 Words   |  7 PagesPhysician-assisted suicide is a controversial subject all around the world. Although it is legal in some countries and states, such as the Netherlands, Luxembourg, Switzerland, Oregon, Montana, Washington, and Vermont it is not yet legal in most (Finlay, 2011). People travel from all around the world to these locations to receive information. Physician-assisted suicide is when terminally ill and mentally capable patients perform the final act themselves after being provided with the required meansRead MoreEssay on Legalizing Physician-Assisted Suicide1871 Words   |  8 PagesPhysician-assisted suicide should be a legal option, if requested, for terminally ill patients. For deca des the question has been asked and a clear answer has yet to surface. It was formed out of a profound commitment to the idea that personal end-of-life decisions should be made solely between a patient and a physician. Can someones life be put into an answer? Shouldnt someones decision in life be just that; their decision? When someone has suffered from a car accident, or battled long enoughRead MoreThe Rights Of Physician Assisted Suicide1347 Words   |  6 PagesThe Right to Die By: Antony Makhlouf Antony Makhlouf PHR 102-006 Contemporary Moral Issues Final Paper The Right to Die Physician-assisted suicide, also known as euthanasia, has been a hot topic as of late. If you do not know what this is, physician-assisted suicide is the taking of ones life. This usually occurs when a patient is in a irreversible state, and must live through a tube. With multiple cases occurring in the past, current and the more to occur the in the future, this looks

The Issue Over The Quality Of Life Kenyans Essay - 1304 Words

Having to dig through waste in hopes of making a living is unacceptable and something that no one should have to go through. There should be concern over the quality of life Kenyans have and it is something the world must recognize and do its’ part in helping to improve. If one were to search up pictures of Kenyans rummaging through the dumps or search up pictures of those living near dumps, he/she would see smiles upon the faces of these people. Now, one might question why there would be a need to help out when these individuals already look happy. The reason is simple: these families and individuals didn’t choose this life and them smiling is just a symbol of their greatness for being able to accept their conditions and make the most of their current situations. In more developed countries, it’s easy to take things for granted, not because humans aren’t thankful, but rather because it’s a mindset for some in the developed world that one deserves s afe water and proper sanitation services. These individuals are absolutely correct to think that each individual deserves safe water and proper sanitation services, but that doesn’t necessarily mean every individual has access to it. There are multiple innovative approaches and measures that can be taken to drastically reduce DALYs and mortalities. Reducing this trash problem can be managed and while it will be a long term approach that requires the efforts of governments, nonprofits, and communities, it can eventually beShow MoreRelatedNational Population Policy For Sustainable Development1482 Words   |  6 Pagesbrought about improvement in the use of contraceptives as well as in the maternal health aspect for Kenyans. It was also able to maintain the statistics and success of the previous policy. As stated previously, Kenya’s Sessional Paper No.1 on National Population Policy for Sustainable Development builds on the strengths of the guidelines provided by the previous policy. With also a recognition for issues on environment, gender, poverty and problems facing certain segments of the population (includingRead MoreQuestion: Define Economic Growth and Development and Explain the Characteristics of Each Giving Examples in Kenyas Case.956 Words   |  4 PagesEconomic growth is defined as a positive change in the level of production of goods and services by a country over a certain period of time. It is usually measured using GDP and labour earnings. Economic development is defined as sustainable increase in living standards. It entails increased per capita income, better education and health as well as environmental protection. Characteristics of economic growth 1. Education: A country with an educated populace generally records higher levels ofRead MoreThe Republic Of Kenya, An African Country1545 Words   |  7 Pagesthe Kenyan people are Christians, not limiting Protestants and Catholics (Major Problems). Kenya and their neighbors are blessed with the abundance of natural resources. These include limestones, salt, abundance of wildlife, hydropower and more. In terms of education, Kenya continues to have the highest literacy rate on the whole continent. However, despite all the perks that Kenya upholds, they face the issues of having incompetent leadership and poor governance. Dealing with these issues KenyaRead MoreHealth Care Of Keny A Public Health Problem Essay1118 Words   |  5 PagesCooperation and Development) countries’ average of 9.8% for the same period. Total health spending of Kenya stands at about US$6.2 per capita where the World Health Organization’s (WHO) recommended level of US$34 per capita. Life expectancy is also on the decline. In 2006, life-expectancy for women was 51 years and 50 years for men. This is expected to decrease further due to the rising incidence and prevalence of HIV/AIDS. In 2006, the child mortality rate was 78 per 1,000 live births. Some 56% ofRead MoreDevelopment and Social Change2368 Words   |  10 Pageshigh level plan to achieve one or more goals under conditions of uncertainty. Strategy is important because the resources available to achieve these goals are usually limited. Strategy is also about attaining and maintaining a position of advantage over adversaries through the successive exploitation of known or emergent possibilities rather than committing to any specific fixed plan designed at the outset. Henry Mintzberg from McGill University defined strategy as a pattern in a stream of decisionsRead MoreDemocracy Assistance From The United States1416 Words   |  6 Pagesof past democracy assistance, and without them there is little chance a democracy will take root in Kenya; and the U.S. is in the best position to implement these promotions. For the past 50 years, a program called USAID has been working with the Kenyan government and civil societies to grant access to education, improve healthcare (nutrition maternal and child health, malaria, tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS), and work to build a foundation for economic growth through trade, agriculture, and infrastructureRead MoreFactors Limiting the Growth of Film Industry in Kenya3567 Words   |  15 Pages The film industry is expected to grown tremendously over the coming years. The slow growth of film industry in Kenya can be greatly attributed to the advancement of technology. In order for the indigenous film industry in Kenya to produce quality films worthy of a global audience, there are a number of educational, technological, and commercial concerns that need to be address. Such as Lack of film education, maintaining an indigenous Kenyan voice, telling a story creatively and effectively. OrganizationRead MoreHistory of Magazines in Kenya1710 Words   |  7 PagesGrou p(Kenya) Limited. This magazine basically aims for men in between 21-40 years of age and it is all about knowledge and insights men could grasp to better their relationships. Media Seven Group also produces Her Magazine, Monthly Motor, Mum and Dad, Teen Life, Business Monthly and G Magazine. Other magazines in Kenya are such as Samantha’s Bridal Weddings Magazine, Passion, Pregnant, True Love, Parents (possibly the oldest magazine), The Insyder, Tupike, and Salon among others. SAMANTHA’S BRIDAL WEDDINGSRead MoreHealthcare System Of Kenya As An Example For Future Students And Classes2796 Words   |  12 Pagesterm care 4. Cost, access and quality Introduction: Kenya, a former British colony which was named after the second highest mountain in Africa, gained its independence in 1963. Tropical diseases, especially malaria and tuberculosis, have long been a public health problem in Kenya. In recent years, infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which causes acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), also has become a severe problem. Today, around 1.5 million Kenyans live with HIV, though moreRead MoreThe Development Of Health Care853 Words   |  4 Pagesthat over time, the rapidly increasing population growth would result in incidents of mass pollution and diminishing resources. In result of these issues, he implied that they would lead to larger issues, such as famine, disease, war, population collapse and ultimately, great suffering. With the current world population of seven billion, the world has reached and surpassed the carrying capacity, which will have negative impacts on humans. This is conveyed through the improvin g standard of life, depletion

Law Of ACCC v TPG’s Advertising Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Law Of ACCC v TPGs Advertising. Answer: In the case the ACCC alleged that TPGs advertising have contravened the statutory provisions. TheAustralian Law aims to protect the goods and service , irrespective of whether how they advertises through television and radio but they must ensure that they comply with the law. Advertising and selling expenses are evolved. The practice which is illegal had to be stopped. The rules and practice of advertising are as follows: The company shall not engage in products that are likely to be deceptive or misleading The company shall not make any false or misleading statements (Miller and Roger LeRoy 2015) The company has contravened the Australian Consumer Law under section 18 The company has prohibited the deceptive conduct and it is unlawful for the business and thus the company makes a claim which is false and misleading on their goods and services. A statement which is given by the company to the others is misrepresented. This include the statements make in television or on the websites or in the contracts Case Study: ACCC V TPG TPG had run the advertising campaign. In much of the print which is smaller the advertisements which stated in customer was required to bundle the service with a landline rental for an additional $30 per month (for a minimum of 6 months) and pay an overall minimum of $509.89 including a set-up fee and deposit. The High Court had found that those advertisements which were to convey a representation and that the internet service was available without bundling and, at least in the first phase of the advertisement campaign, a representation that there would be no set-up fee or deposit (Allen, William T., and Reinier Kraakman). On the question of the target audience, the High Court decided that the dominant message was important. A pecuniary penalty of $2 million was imposed on TPG for the breach of s 48. The overall advertisement had an impact on the consumers and it was misleading References Miller, Roger LeRoy.Business Law Today, Standard: Text Summarized Cases. Nelson Education, 2015. Allen, William T., and Reinier Kraakman.Commentaries and cases on the law of business organization. Wolters Kluwer law business, 2016.

Biography of Emily Bronte Essay Example

Biography of Emily Bronte Paper Emily Bronte was born in Thornton on July 30, 1818 and later moved with her family to Haworth, an isolated village on the moors. Her mother, Maria Branwell, died when she was only three years old, leaving Emily and her five siblings, Maria, Elizabeth, and Charlotte, Anne, and Branwell to the care of the dead woman’s sister. Emily, Maria, Elizabeth, and Charlotte were sent to Cowan, a boarding school, in 1824. The next year while at school Maria and Elizabeth came home to die of tuberculosis, and the other two sisters were also sent home. Both spent the next six years at home, where they picked up what education they could. In 1835, Charlotte became a teacher at the school at Roe Head and Emily joined her as a student. After three months Charlotte sent her home again, afraid that Emily was extremely homesick from her beloved moors. For a short time in 1837 Emily moved to Halifax in order to teach at the Law Hill School. She returned to Haworth when her health again began to fail. After this agonizing experience, Emily remained at home for five years. During this period, she wrote poetry and short stories to fill her time. In 1842, she attended school in Brussels with her sister Charlotte. There they studied music and foreign language. Emily also wrote her French essays at this time. Charlotte and Emily were described as â€Å"literary geniuses. † All the family was reunited at home, in 1845. In the course of time, the Brontes gave up hope for a school of their own. Branwell, working on a novel, told his sisters of the profitable possibilities of novel writing. We will write a custom essay sample on Biography of Emily Bronte specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Biography of Emily Bronte specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Biography of Emily Bronte specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In the autumn of 1845 Charlotte discovered Emily’s poems and convinced her sister to collaborate on a volume of poems. One year later, the volume was titled Poems by Currer, Ellis, and Action Bell and was published. The first venture into publishing was a failure. By July, Wuthering Heights was finished, along with Agnes Grey by Anne Bronte and Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte. All three were seeking a publisher and finally had their novels published in late 1847. Initially, the results of Wuthering Heights were poor, selling few copies. In 1848, Branwell died. Emily left home for the last time to attend his funeral service, and caught a severe cold which developed into inflammation of the lungs. At the age of thirty, Emily Bronte died of tuberculosis and never knew the great success of her only novel. Throughout her life time, Emily lived a solitary lifestyle in the confines of the storm-scarred moors of Yorkshire. It is in this isolation that she found the inspiration and strength of emotion to write such powerful poetry, and perhaps Wuthering Heights. Emily Bronte’s strength of will and creativity can not be forgotten.

Free Essays on Dipole

â€Å"A dipole in a dielectric: Intriguing results and shape dependence of the distant electric field† â€Å"A dipole in a dielectric†, a familiar statement to say the least! It was not the mention of dipole that persuaded me to include this article in my portfolio, but the conflicting results attained by two seemingly â€Å"correct† methods of determining the dipole moment. I can’t say that I enjoy conflict, in fact I don’t. I do however realize that many of the giant leaps in physics materialized do to inconsistantcies in what was once accepted as true. In these instances many basic truths needed to be modified to explain the disagreement. Could this be the beginning of something big? Consider a dipole consisting of only +q and –q a distance â€Å"d† apart. If we let d0 then we have a point dipole p0. If we are located in a linear dielectric gauss’ law becomes = q. The medium is not a vacuum and the charges in the dielectric can be taken into consideration in the form . Likewise the dipole takes shape as . This is the standard text book solution. Using this information the potential is found to be If we approach the problem from a different perspective, using a spherical version of Laplace’s equation for azimuthal symmetry and inserting the dipole into an empty spherical cavity of radius R (within the dielectric) and letting R0, we get a potential in the vacuum region of . The potential in the dielectric region is . By exploiting the continuity of the scalar potential and finding the -field we get and . Applying boundary conditions gives = so that . Solving gives: , , And a different dipole moment than found through conventional methods. So what is different? The classic method (text book solution) for solving for the dipole moment was to have two charges in a dielectric and a vacuum cavity between them that shrinks to 0. Method two inserts both charges into th... Free Essays on Dipole Free Essays on Dipole â€Å"A dipole in a dielectric: Intriguing results and shape dependence of the distant electric field† â€Å"A dipole in a dielectric†, a familiar statement to say the least! It was not the mention of dipole that persuaded me to include this article in my portfolio, but the conflicting results attained by two seemingly â€Å"correct† methods of determining the dipole moment. I can’t say that I enjoy conflict, in fact I don’t. I do however realize that many of the giant leaps in physics materialized do to inconsistantcies in what was once accepted as true. In these instances many basic truths needed to be modified to explain the disagreement. Could this be the beginning of something big? Consider a dipole consisting of only +q and –q a distance â€Å"d† apart. If we let d0 then we have a point dipole p0. If we are located in a linear dielectric gauss’ law becomes = q. The medium is not a vacuum and the charges in the dielectric can be taken into consideration in the form . Likewise the dipole takes shape as . This is the standard text book solution. Using this information the potential is found to be If we approach the problem from a different perspective, using a spherical version of Laplace’s equation for azimuthal symmetry and inserting the dipole into an empty spherical cavity of radius R (within the dielectric) and letting R0, we get a potential in the vacuum region of . The potential in the dielectric region is . By exploiting the continuity of the scalar potential and finding the -field we get and . Applying boundary conditions gives = so that . Solving gives: , , And a different dipole moment than found through conventional methods. So what is different? The classic method (text book solution) for solving for the dipole moment was to have two charges in a dielectric and a vacuum cavity between them that shrinks to 0. Method two inserts both charges into th...

Personal statement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Personal statement - Essay Example My dream goes on to include a specialization in the field of law. The reason behind my dream is quite simple. I want to be set apart from every lawyer pounding the pavement of the court houses and law offices. That is why I am intent on attending a year long Masters of Law post graduate degree. Okay, I admit that I am an Asian immigrant with UK citizenship status. I will be the first to acknowledge that I have some difficulty in expressing myself in the English language. By now you are probably wondering what I am doing in the legal field of studies when I am sure to shine brightly if I concentrate on the area of Math or Management. Let me put it this way, my language handicap has never been a barrier for me towards achieving any of my dreams. I managed to keep my grades at a decent average as a Law student at the University of York. I may have struggled to express myself in the English language during certain instances of public debate and other spoken avenues of my subjects but I n ever lost heart. My Law studies posed the biggest challenge of my life. I may have had a difficult time in most of my classes and my scores may have been only average but what mattered the most what that I never gave up. I gave my studies everything I had and managed to come out of it with remarkable improvements in my class grades that continue with every semester that I complete. Even more amazing to my professors at York is the fact that I manage to somehow keep my grades up while I participate in various sports activities on campus. I am an active participant in table tennis matches and other British and University College Sports. These are after class activities that I enjoy participating in because it helps me relax and forget all of the legal studies that take up most of my student days. After all, I am no good as a student if I am burned out. Neither will I be good lawyer if I do not know how to relax and take some time off in order to get a fresh perspective of the cases I am working on. I have never been faced with a challenge that made me turn away. I have always faced my fears head on and plunged into seeking solutions to them rather than cowering in one corner, wondering what other people can do to help me overcome my difficulties in class and other avenues of life. I believe that this go-getter attitude comes from the fact that I am a person who is always eager to learn and excited about discovering new avenues of learning that can bring me new life experiences at the same time. Having mentioned before that I am of Asian descent, it is pretty obvious that I can easily excel in anything related to Maths. So, not wanting to waste my inborn talent for numbers and analysis, I have decided to pursue a LLM degree in order to become a very competent commercial lawyer. It seems like the most logical step for me because I can see and understand the way the world economies are balancing on the brink of bankruptcy and the banks are caught in the middle of i t all. As a LLM lawyer with a specialization in the commercial field, I will easily be able to defend the financiers of the world when they need legal help the most. With such a highly specialized degree, I do not even have to be a lawyer all my life. Having a LLM will allow me to pursue other career avenues in the legal field such as tax and international law. But most importantly, the LLM will give me an upper hand when enticing other companies to hire me for upper management positions. After all, a

British Film Culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

British Film Culture - Essay Example Rife with nudging and guffawing, Peter Cattaneo 's film about steelworkers turned male strippers is somehow less raunchy, but every bit as jolly and as irreducibly English, as a Donald McGill seaside postcard. Populated by awkward, well-meaning lads who don't have it in them to behave too badly, its Sheffield is apparently the one part of Britain that Loaded never reached. What The Full Monty is, though, is political, in the gentlest, Ealing-comedy way. It starts with a brassy, breathlessly chipper documentary clip, a spot-on parody of the old Pathe Films. The men have nothing much else to occupy them, and Gaz is likely to lose touch with his young son unless he can pay his debts. Then they see some women queuing to see a troupe of male strippers. Gaz, realising there's only one way left for a man to make a fast buck, assembles a rival crew - not so much beefcake as meatloaf and scrag end. Unemployed Northern men trying anything to scrape a living and uphold their dignity sure enough, The Full Monty pays its respects to Ken Loach. There's a cameo by Bruce Jones from Loach's Raining Stones, as a hapless auditioner gauchely attempting to peel off his anorak. But this is light Loach and with a more focused comic touch. What makes the story compelling is that there's more at stake than just the few bob and laughs the lads stand to make. It's dignity they hope to regain, and more fundamentally, masculinity. Fatigued and disenfranchised, they all wonder if they're still men. Dave worries about losing his wife (Lesley Sharp), Gaz is already divorced, and their suicidal pal Lomper (Steve Huison) is living a dreary celibate life. Meanwhile, Sheffield's women are still in work and ruling the roost. They've even taken over the working men's club for women-only nights. A mortified Gaz sneaks behind enemy lines to witness the ultimate horror - women not only invading the sanctity of the Gents, but pissing standing up. The vision persuades him there's only one way for men to retaliate - reclaim their widgers. The Full Monty could have been made as course material for film-studies seminars on Marxism and the Phallus. Cattaneo and Beaufoy could have gone for a harsher lampooning of male sexual attitudes, but their approach yields subtler, more tender returns. Their heroes are adolescents who don't understand women but wish they did, and eventually are only too happy to confess their inadequacies. The presence of women in the film seems a little cursory, largely restricted to Lesley Sharp, Emily Woof, a few mouthy passers-by, and the crowds of the club scenes. But that's because the men see women from the outside - through the toilet window, as it were. Excluded from the female world of adulthood, they form their own society, a Just William club of eternal schoolboys with Gaz's young son Nathan (the engagingly sour-faced William Shape) tagging along as disapproving chaperon. This is something you rarely see a film on camaraderie among straight men (mostly), that doesn't indulge in slobbishness or Californian hugs, but celebrates the virtues of solidarity. Widgers United. The joke is that the men aren't really learning a new skill that will alter their lives. The Full Monty feels celebratory because it isn't about

White Privilege Essay Example for Free

White Privilege Essay In Peggy McIntosh’s article â€Å"White Privilege: Unpacking the Invisible backpack† we see detailed examples of how white people are extremely privileged in ways that people of other races may never understand. Even though sometimes we do not realize this is happening it has been seen to be true in many things throughout history and in the world today. One of the parts of this article that caught my eye and made me think a bit was the list of 26 white privileges that McIntosh wrote about in her article. This list was very eye opening and made me think what I could put towards myself on this list. Even though I was born in a little different time that McIntosh was I was relatively aware that as a white male I was born with a number of privileges that came with not only the color of my skin but also by my gender, however this list did make me realize and understand some of the advantages of my skin that I often times look over. A good example that I could use before, I can’t say it is so easy now, is number 17 I can criticize our government and talk about how much I fear its policies and behavior without being seen as a cultural outsider. Before the election of Obama I could easily criticize my government and no one would really give me a second look about it, but I do have to say that now if I criticize my government I get called a racist, so now I kind of see better how those of a different race felt when they criticized our government and got called out about it. One thing for sure that I do have to say about this article is I could definitely tell that this article was written a good time ago. Many of the things stated in the list I felt were a little outdated especially the points that were talking about seeing mainly people of the white race in media or advertisements. Yes there was a point in time where this was very true but I feel like the world is doing a much better job at representing more than just one race when it comes to advertisements or media. In jean-Paul Sartre’s â€Å"Anti-Semite and the Jew we learn a lot about how he personally feels about Anti-Semites and what his description of an Anti-Semite is. Anti-Semitism is basically the hatred of someone who is Jewish. Sartre believes that is the Jew did not exist that the anti-Semite would invent him so they would have someone to hate. Anti-Semitism is something that was based more with the Nazi’s and Hitler. In my opinion I don’t really see it as much now but I can read plenty about it any many different books. In Sartre’s story he basically states that the anti-Semite had to have someone who he can feel superior to, which is why he states that is the Jew did not exist the anti-Semite would create him. He states that if by some miracle all of the Jews were exterminated as the anti- Semite wishes that the anti-Semite would be all alone, he would lose his sense of rights over the country because there would no longer be anyone to contest them. He states that the anti-Semite is in the unhappy position of having a vital need for the Jew he wishes to destroy. The anti- Semite is someone who needs a particular person to hate in order to feel superior to someone, and if all of the people that he hated were suddenly gone then he would no longer feel superior to anyone because he would then have no one to hate. In turn the anti-Semite would then have to create another thing to hate in order to bring back the feeling of superiority. This also was another one of those reading that you could tell was written a long time ago, because of the fact that we no longer see these things near as much as we see saw them in the past. Yes people do still tent to look down on Jews but it is still a particular group of people and not based on a race that has a significant hatred for another race. The anti-Semite can be looked at as a man that fears only himself and has to use that fear to create fear in the eyes of other in order to make he feel stronger and less powerless. How does Racism affect my life? I try not to let racism affect my life, in my everyday life I talk to and deal with all different kinds of races. Now I will say that as a white male I may have had a few doors open to me that other races might not have had, but on the other hand I chose to walk through the doors of the opportunities I had in order to better myself. People say that whites have had a lot more opportunity and a lot more doors open to them but I really don’t believe that it is as much true now as it was many years ago. I believe that we as a society try to make certain things out to be less opportunistic than they really are so we have something to talk, complain and or fight about, but in all actuality we all have certain doors open to us it is just a matter of whether we chose to step through the right door or not. People say that those of other races have had less opportunity than those who are white but let’s take a look into what is available now that benefits more of those in other races than the whites. There are major colleges that are race oriented, there are many scholarships for schools that are race based and only that race can receive that scholarship. As a white male yes I do have a lot of opportunities to gain work or gain money for school through scholarships but there is not one thing have seen that is specific to whites only when it comes to education. Now don’t get me wrong I know many years ago only whites could go to school here in the U. S. and it took some time to let other races into school but things have changed since then. So I would have to say that now, compared to if I was born many years ago, I do not believe racism or race plays a big factor in my life.

the trounle with sweatshops :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The controversial issue of sweatshops is one often over looked by The United States. In the Social Issues Encyclopedia, entry # 167, Matt Zwolinski tackles the issues of sweatshops. In this article Matt raises a question I have not been able to get out of my head since I have begun researching this topic, â€Å" are companies who contract with sweatshops doing anything wrong?† this article goes on to argue that the people who work in the sweatshops willingly choose to work there, despite the poor environment. Many people in third world countries depend on the sweatshops to earn what they can to have any hopes of surviving. If the sweatshops were to shut down many people would lose their jobs, and therefore have no source of income. This may lead people to steal and prostitution as well. this article is suggesting that sweatshops will better the economy by giving people a better job than what they may have had. Due to this the companies contracting with swe atshops are not acting wrong in any way. This was a deductive article it had a lot of good examples to show how sweatshops are beneficial to third world countries. Radly Balko seemed to have the same view point as Matt Zwolinski. Many people believe the richer countries should not support the sweatshops Balko believes if people stopped buying products made in sweatshops the companies will have to shut down and relocate, firing all of the present workers. Rasing the fact that again the worker will have no source of income, the workers need the sweatshop to survive. Balko also uses the argument that the workers willingly work in the current environments.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Some of the arguments against sweatshops raised by Americans is the they take jobs away from the American people. In the job force it is becoming harder to find an open position any where. Instead of keeping the factories here the companies are shipped over seas, causing millions of job opportunities for Americans to be lost. Some arguments raised by the United Students Against Sweatshops (USAS) are the poor working conditions, low wages, long hours, and children in the factories. The damp, dark, and cold environment can depress the workers even more than they may be, causing rates in suicide to increase. Low wages is another concern USAS have. The workers barley get enough money to survive.

Political Theory: Comparing Locke, Rousseau and Plato

Locke: What is the purpose of politics – we could live in the state of nature, we don’t need contract or soverign – life, liberty and property State of nature: men live according to reason and governed by reason – man exists in the state of nature in perfect freedom to do as they want, a state of perfect freedom – not necessarily good or bad, bit is calm and peaceful – men give up some of their freedom to secure the advantages of civilized socity men have the right to protect their freedom (killing if necessary) – bound by the laws of nature – contrast with hobbes: everyone has the right over everything, there exist no private property – Liberty to do as he will, but not harm others Purpose of government: – to secure the natural rights of property rights and liberty – we need law enforcers (soverign), we give power to one person and in doing so this creates a government Private Property: – one establi shed once you mix your labor with good most important because we must create a state because of the scarcity of resource (prisoners dilemma) and the innovation of money – mandatory to own property while living in commonwealth, can mix labour with other peoples resource (compensated) Representation: – ensures the government represents the people – safeguard against oppression – disapproval of absolute monarchies; they are arbitary and represent interest of one – governement must always be for the people 1. government must be desgined to protect the people from the gov . natural rights must be secured Rousseau: – mans main drive is self preservation, but thinks that hobbes and locke overestimated the likelihood of the state of war – men are inherintely good State of Nature: – gives life to general will, so all can live well – men are free and equal, seen as nobel savages, only concerned with immediate needs (hunger, sex, f ear, death) – savages are motivated by self preservation and pity, men are naturally good and don’t want to hurt each other, doesn’t want the state of war believes civilization is what corrupted him, save man is not concerned with materialistic values Morality: differs from locke – in the state of nature there is no reason for law, right or morality because we tend to avoid harming each other because of our natural aversion to pain and suffereing Social Contract: – must have a group that mediates the people and government – we must force people to be free and force people to follow the sovereign Property rights: must mix labor, cannot have more than others because this is a source of inequality – materialistic thinks are making us morally worse – everything that comes from nature is good, everything from society is bad – a source of inequality; creates dependence and jealousy Purpose of government: – to bring the people in harmony – to unite them under the general will representation: – citizens cannot give away their civil duties, they must participate in politics, because the direct democracy must represent the general will Rousseau-Social Contract †¢ The problems of inequality, amor proper, problem of general discontent †¢ Answer to the problem of natural freedom. †¢ Nature provides no standards for determining who should rule †¢ Man is not a political animal, the general will is the foundation of all legitimate authority †¢ All standards of justice and right have the origin in the unique human property of the will or free agency †¢ Liberation of the will from the usual sources that is the true center of gravity of Roussau’s philosophy. †¢ Primacy of the will Given rousseau’s libertarian conception of human nature. †¢ The fundamental problem is how to find a form of association that defends and protects with all the commo n force the person and goods of each associate and by means which each individual uniting with all obeys only himself and remains free. †¢ First part says that the aim of the contract is to protect and defend the common goods of each member. Consistent with Locke’s claims that the purpose of society is protect the security of each members. Rousseau adds a second and more disctinctly original claim. The contract must ensure the conditions for mutual protection, but also in uniting with one another each person obeys only himself and remains as free as he was before. †¢ Isn’t the essence of the social contract giving up part of our natural freedom? †¢ How can we remain as free. †¢ Total alienation of each associate together with all of his rights to the entire community †¢ Total alienation, entire community. †¢ To ensure the terms of the agreements, persons must totally give themselves up for the social contract. †¢ When we alienate ours elves, this must be given to the entire community.This is to ensure that the general will works. †¢ General will is only legitimate sovereign. The famous doctrine of the sovereignty of the people †¢ When we give ourselves over to it, we do nothing more than obey ourselves. Sovereign is not third party, it is simply the people as a whole acting in their collective capacity. †¢ How do we remain as free as we were before? †¢ Formula for freedom or tyranny of the majority? †¢ Only through total alienation do we remain free, because nobody is dependent on the will of another.The new kind of sovereign is the general will, which is the general interest or rational will of the community. Since we all contribute to the shaping of this general will, we do nothing but obey ourselves when we subscribe to this general will. †¢ Not the freedom of the state of nature, but it is a new kind of freedom that he calls â€Å"moral freedom†. †¢ The passage from t he state of nature to the civil state produces a remarkable change in man. Gives our actions a moral quality that they previously lacked. What man loses is his natural liberty, but he gains civil liberty. But, to the proceedings acquisitions or civil liberty, we add moral liberty which makes man truly the master of himself. Obedience that one has prescribed for oneself is freedom, moral liberty. †¢ The moral and political implications are massive. †¢ For Hobbes and Locke: liberty is the sphere of human conduct that is unregulated by the law. Where the law is silent, the citizen is free to do whatever it is he chooses to do. †¢ For Rousseau, law is the very beginning of our freedom, but we are free to the extent that we are participants in the laws that we in turn obey.Freedom means acting in conformity to self-imposed law. †¢ A difference between two very different conceptions of liberty: Liberal vs. Republican †¢ Rousseau makes heroic and unreasonable assum ptions about human nature. Why would we like to get together and engage in debate about political matters. †¢ Human nature and our capacity to engage in debate. Unless everyone is engaged in the process of legislation, there is no way to know that the laws are really an expression of my will. You will find yourselves dependent on the will of others.Freedom from dependence. – The problems of inequality, amor proper, problem of general discontent †¢ Answer to the problem of natural freedom. †¢ Nature provides no standards for determining who should rule †¢ Man is not a political animal, the general will is the foundation of all legitimate authority †¢ All standards of justice and right have the origin in the unique human property of the will or free agency †¢ Liberation of the will from the usual sources that is the true center of gravity of Roussau’s philosophy. †¢ Primacy of the will Given rousseau’s libertarian conception of h uman nature. †¢ The fundamental problem is how to find a form of association that defends and protects with all the common force the person and goods of each associate and by means which each individual uniting with all obeys only himself and remains free. †¢ First part says that the aim of the contract is to protect and defend the common goods of each member. Consistent with Locke’s claims that the purpose of society is protect the security of each members. Rousseau adds a second and more disctinctly original claim. The contract must ensure the conditions for mutual protection, but also in uniting with one another each person obeys only himself and remains as free as he was before. †¢ Isn’t the essence of the social contract giving up part of our natural freedom? †¢ How can we remain as free. †¢ Total alienation of each associate together with all of his rights to the entire community †¢ Total alienation, entire community. †¢ To ensu re the terms of the agreements, persons must totally give themselves up for the social contract. †¢ When we alienate ourselves, this must be given to the entire community.This is to ensure that the general will works. †¢ General will is only legitimate sovereign. The famous doctrine of the sovereignty of the people †¢ When we give ourselves over to it, we do nothing more than obey ourselves. Sovereign is not third party, it is simply the people as a whole acting in their collective capacity. †¢ How do we remain as free as we were before? †¢ Formula for freedom or tyranny of the majority? †¢ Only through total alienation do we remain free, because nobody is dependent on the will of another.The new kind of sovereign is the general will, which is the general interest or rational will of the community. Since we all contribute to the shaping of this general will, we do nothing but obey ourselves when we subscribe to this general will. †¢ Not the freedom of the state of nature, but it is a new kind of freedom that he calls â€Å"moral freedom†. †¢ The passage from the state of nature to the civil state produces a remarkable change in man. Gives our actions a moral quality that they previously lacked. What man loses is his natural liberty, but he gains civil liberty. But, to the proceedings acquisitions or civil liberty, we add moral liberty which makes man truly the master of himself. Obedience that one has prescribed for oneself is freedom, moral liberty. †¢ The moral and political implications are massive. †¢ For Hobbes and Locke: liberty is the sphere of human conduct that is unregulated by the law. Where the law is silent, the citizen is free to do whatever it is he chooses to do. †¢ For Rousseau, law is the very beginning of our freedom, but we are free to the extent that we are participants in the laws that we in turn obey.Freedom means acting in conformity to self-imposed law. †¢ A difference between two very different conceptions of liberty: Liberal vs. Republican †¢ Rousseau makes heroic and unreasonable assumptions about human nature. Why would we like to get together and engage in debate about political matters. †¢ Human nature and our capacity to engage in debate. Unless everyone is engaged in the process of legislation, there is no way to know that the laws are really an expression of my will. You will find yourselves dependent on the will of others. Freedom from dependence.Aristotle: reasoned approach – basic goal of politics was to help society achieve the good life, create a society that allows its citizens to prosper – humans are seen as â€Å"political animals† and thus politicas as a force of nature – citizens take place in politics, they are seen as the backbone of the state and have a responsibility to the state, – not all citizens are equal, but all want sovireign – good citizens not posses what it takes to be good man – polity= best form of government; the rich rule over the rest by knowledge and democracy king should not have all the power, he should be the guardian of the law – (has less power than plato and machs ruler) because of the seperation of powers; legislative, executive and juidical – less power and more mobility – CITIZENS; anyone can participate in politics (must participate) – By nature everyone has the capacity of reason and is able to participate in politics – Slaves are legit they are the means of production so that everyone else can participate in politics – Ruled by; virtue, moral and reason – Education: can change conslitation for progess because children are taught from young age to reason, (public learning) – Bartering=natural Aristotle- Politics Human beings are political animals. Problematic relation between economics and politics Role of labour and role of commerce The political community is de signed to promote human flourishing Happiness is a life of activity expressing virtue Essence of Political rule: ruling and being ruled The highest community is the political community Without law man is the worst of animals and law depends for its existence on the state.In order to meet our needs we must interact with nature to get the results we want. Work is a process, not an activity. Work is enslaving, provided by necessity Some people are fit for being slaves, others are fit for ruling. It is only natural that things are that way. Man is a political animal, that needs to live in a community. Trade is necessary, and therefore there is a need for a division of labour. Property is those goods need to develop their ability to develop a virtuous life Surplus has to be exchanged. Profit making is the pursuit of false wealth (capital)The Unconditionally best regime is the rule of the virtuous. Fundamental value of political community is friendship Aristotle criticizes Plato’s utopia, arguing that it gives too much unity to the state, and would make the state into an individual. A government is good when it aims at the good of the whole community, bad when it cares only for itself. Good Governments Bad Governments Monarchy Tyranny (Worse) Aristocracy Oligarchy Constitutional government (polity) Democracy (Least worse) Citizenship is defined by participation in office and in ruling. Political rule is mastery of free people ublic life is far more virtuous than the private Good citizen vs. good man Aristotle does not have a conception of an absolute good and has a more matrial account of morality. – rights Machiavelli: use deception and illusion for the better purpose of economic ends of the state – prince must be immoral opportunitst, people should never know the â€Å"real him†, but this creates a high risk of being seen as bad leader – overall the lead is not a good one because you cannot rule you people with immoral action â⠂¬â€œ ends justify means – goal of politics to maintain power and stability citizen must obey ruler and do as one told, no room for citizen participation in politics – equality does not exist – prince must be loved and feared – progress for the state = improving means of production (capitalism) Virtue: fortune/luck is half our actions – always appear virtuous – one capacity to understand political life and control it for the greater good of the state not for the sake of morality – priority of security over morality – price must be immoral when need be, to ensure the state security – generosity vs compassion – Machiavelli-Power A good ruler is not always good; he is good when he has to be but is cruel when the situation requires it. †¢ Leader or prince must have virtu: a set of qualities necessary to be a politician worthy of praise †¢ Learn to be able to not be good †¢ He attacks secular moralists a nd the Christian ideals of morality †¢ The prince must have courage to do whatever it takes to get what he needs. †¢ â€Å"Small evils to prevent greater evils† †¢ Political stability is a condition for a private moral life †¢ Domestic sphere is the domain of morality. †¢ Role of the state is to ensure security †¢ Prince must be a realist †¢ Acquisition of power is important How is power won, lost and maintained is the main focus of The Prince †¢ No traditional idea of â€Å"legitimate power† †¢ To achieve political ends, power is necessary. †¢ Fortuna, it is good to do whatever is required to obtain power. †¢ Appear to be good to the general public †¢ We admire the virtuous leaders †¢ No hard rules in politics, no political formulas †¢ Skill, assertive independence is necessary to have political power. †¢ People want power, mainly self interested †¢ Stability, is important †¢ Glory is not a bad thing, it is actually praiseworthy †¢ The Prince must try to master Fortuna as much as he possibly can Hobbes- Leviathan: The Sovereign is not the direct expression of individual rules but an abstraction of the natural desire to rule †¢ Hobbes wants us to abstain from politics by agreeing to be ruled by this artificial man or sovereign †¢ For by art is created the Great Leviathan, commonwealth †¢ Trade liberty for security †¢ Liberty under Hobbes’ sovereign is whatever is not restricted by law. †¢ Humans in the state of nature are in a constant state of war, everything belongs to †¢ Society and political community is artificial †¢ Human equality : in nature nobody is superior to another †¢ What makes authority possible? What is the source of authority?What makes legitimate authority possible? †¢ How can individuals who are biologically autonomous, who judge and see matters differently, who can never be sure whether they can trust one another, how can such individuals accept a common authority? †¢ That is the fundamental question of the social contract tradition. †¢ When is authority in question? True in Hobbes’ time of civil war †¢ Hobbes tells a story: he tells the story about something he calls the state of nature. Hobbes will always be associated with the idea of the state of nature. †¢ It is not the biblical account of Eden, nor is it a political condition like maintained by Aristotle. Sovereign’s main function is to make us equal †¢ The state of nature is not a condition of actual fighting, but a known disposition of actual fighting. †¢ His claim that the state of war is a condition that we are naturally in, is to say that nature does not unite us. If nature is a norm, it does not mandate us to peace, friendship and solidarity with others. Only art and human relations can bring about peace. †¢ Authority and relations are the product of cont rivance and art. – Plato: moral guidance, not legal obidence – philosopher king rule over all with rationality (rational part of soul rules over honor seeking and appeitive) must make the state a â€Å"utopia†; all work together for the common good of the state- seek harmony – children are all raised together and educated together – soverign is essential because it takes the best people in society and puts them in power – ruler acts as moral guider for other social classes – philosopher kings; determine justice and law because of their unique virtue (rationality) – each individual serves as a purpose in society, according to certain qualification (rationality, honor, appetite) that makes them more suited to a particular task (ruler, auxiliary, worker) without the philosopher king men fall pity to their desires and appeitiess(greed) – the state acts as a check for the passions of individuals – humans want what is i ntrinstically good, while they are capable of commiting wrong, this is because of some appetitie/desire rather than some flaw – there exists no equality, there is a social order in which you are born into – everyone is guided by the philosopher king beacuase they posses the ultimate truth, without them the normal person would not know how to act in socity and would fall prey to passions and selfishness humans want what is best, therefore listen to higher good – justice throught: strength, philosophy and doing good to friends Property: plato fails to identify population increase and other countries boundarys Plato- Republic: †¢ What is justice? Is it appearing just but really being unjust? Is it the rule of the strongest? †¢ Move away from ordinary definitions of justice. Perfect Justice vs. Perfect injustice †¢ The Necessary myths: religion. Myths are not true but they are helpful in a society to keep order. â€Å"Noble lie† †¢ Allegor y of the cave: The world of appearances is only a reflection of the pure realm of forms. The best life is the one spent contemplating the fundamental laws of the universe. †¢ The Philosophers must be kings, also called guardians. †¢ Their role is to overlook everything in society is working correctly, and in order to do this they must be philosophers. †¢ Rulers must live in commune, share everything in order that their desires are quenched and they can dedicate full attention to the city. †¢ We are born with natural aptitudes and we should become that to which our natural aptitude fits best. †¢ Perfect city: harmony and order †¢ Noble lie: Gold people are the most apt to lead and become guardians.Silver people are merchants and traders, and bronze people are craftsmen. People can only mate with a person of the same category. †¢ The skill of a guardian/ruler is similar to that of craftsman. The state is the guardian’s craft so he should be pr epared to deal with it appropriately. Democracy is cause of conflict because most people are not suited to rule or make political decisions. †¢ Mastery according to nature †¢ Justice: minding your own business. †¢ Women are not naturally inferior to men. †¢ The form of the Good is higher than justice, and requires extensive training to grasp it. Truth exists independent of time and space. †¢ Justice is a relation among individuals, depending on social organization; and that in consequence it can be studied better as part of the structure of a community than as a quality of personal conduct. †¢ Men are acquisitive, ambitious, competitive, and jealous by nature. †¢ Democracy ruins itself by excess of democracy. Its basic principle is the equal right of all to hold office and determine public policy. People are not properly equipped by education to select the best rulers and the wisest courses. †¢ To understand politics, we must understand psycho logy. Like man, like state† †¢ Human behavior flows from desire, emotion and knowledge. Desire, appetite, impulse instinct, these are one; emotion, spirit, ambition, courage another; finally knowledge, thought, intellect, reason, these are another. †¢ Statesmanship is a science and an art. Only a philosopher king is fitted to guide a nation. †¢ Education should be physical as well as intellectual, and musical. †¢ Justice is about organizing the political community so everyone can live the good life. †¢ Perfect organization of the city so each individual can develop his or her own nature †¢ Every individual is the product of the city People are slaves to their own desires †¢ Good life=contemplation †¢ The perfect ruler has knowledge of the Good, and designs all laws and institutions in according with the Good. †¢ What’s missing is a fundamental knowledge of the structure of the world. †¢ The confine of reality is own huma n nature. â€Å"City† Timocracy Love of honor, desire of treasure. Good=Honor Oligarchy Regime founded on Prosperity. Good=Money Democracy Rule by the multitude. Good=Freedom Tyranny Takes power, wages war, enslaves the people. Good=Desires of tyrant

The Influence of Piagets Four Stage Theory Essay

The Influence of Piaget’s Four Stage Theory Jean Piaget was an influential psychologist who created the Four Stages of Cognitive Development. He believed when humans are in their infancy, childhood, and adolescence they try to understand the world through experiments. During cognitive development children are little scientists that create theories, experiment, and conclusions on how to adapt to the world. By the time children become adults they will be able to put into affect everything they learned and utilize the skills they need to live in this world. Everyone fits perfectly into the Piaget’s Four Stages of Cognitive Development, even myself. The first stage is Sensorimotor. As the name says sensoimotor helps the newborn†¦show more content†¦I barely got to see my parents maybe once or twice a week. I usually lived with my grandparents or my uncle. I never had much parental supervision so in that sense I had to observe and pick up everything by myself. I never had anyone teach me how to walk, but I trie d on my own. Learning to talk wasn’t easy, but through trials and error everything begins to fall in place. I remember stumbling and falling down many times, but I still picked up walking. Talking I had to listen, try, and then succeed. I was a fast learner. Concrete operational thought is the third stage. In this stage a 7-year-old to adolescence starts to put reason and logic being everything they do. They begin to understand better, but not fully. They only understand what is going on here and now. During this stage was when I begin to realize why my parents were always missing. I hated them for never being there and always going away. I felt as if they left me behind to be taken by my grandparents or my uncle. I felt like they didn’t love me. To me it felt like they loved work more than they loved me. When I see them maybe once or twice a week I always acted like a little brat, I wanted them to care about what I thought and how I felt. I didn’t care about wh at they were feeling or why they had to work. I always acted like I didnt care about them. Immaturity played a great role during this stage. I never really thought about consequences and or the endShow MoreRelatedPiaget s Theory Of Cognitive Development1096 Words   |  5 Pagesdevelopment into different stages. For example Freud (..) and Piaget (2003, 2000, 1985) described development as a qualitatively distinct series of stages. But there has been criticism about stage-based approaches in terms of how it is able to take on account the individual differences between children in development. The focus of this essay is on Piaget’s theory because it is one of the most influential theories. 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